But things become tricky once we get down to the details. , Capitalize the first word of a quoted sentence. For example, we capitalizenorth,south,east, andwest when the terms refer to regions or cultures: Customs in the East differ from those in the West. Here Carlotta is the name hence it needs to be in capital and I, Halloween should be capitalized. Do not capitalize these words when they merely indicate general location or refer to the geography or climate of the region. The direction word makes it a proper noun. Did the Allman Brothers Band play southern rock or Southern rock? If a is used, go with prime minister.). For example, Southern US is proper because it is a specific region. Regardless of what side of the debate table you are on, the different thoughts clearly illustrate how differing opinions could be on the matter, causing people to use capitalization rules the way they deem appropriate. However, if you use the word southern instead of a general location, such as the southern winds, the word should be lowercase. Home-buyers pay a 1.75% fee up . The question as to whether something should be considered a name or not is one of style, and as such you should adhere to the discipline of your editor, publication, or organization, or in the absence of a house style, you should adopt a suitable. In general, you should capitalize the first word, all nouns, all verbs (even short ones, like is), all adjectives, and all proper nouns. The administration's solution: Ease credit for riskier borrowers. Check your style guide (if applicable) for advice on specific terms. Each state has its own shortened name codes, which are used in written documents and mailing addresses. If the writer is referring to the United States and calling it just the States, then states needs to be capitalized. EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Limited Or Anthology Series, EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Lead Actress In A Comedy Series, EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Supporting Actor In A Comedy Series, EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Lead Actress In A Limited Or Anthology Series Or Movie, EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Lead Actor In A Limited Or Anthology Series Or Movie. Each morning, the sun rises in the east . There is room for variation here: if you live in Coventry and youre writing for other Coventry residents, then perhaps writing South Coventry would make sense. Capitalize proper nounsand adjectives derived from proper nouns. Do you like West Asia? The word "southern" is not part of the official name of California or any city or county, so I never capitalize it. With the passage of time, some words originally derived from proper nouns have taken on a life, and authority, of their own and no longer require capitalization. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. In your first paragraph after the caption you make a good comparison between Wild West and Southern California, but I'm still troubled by a couple of issues. Are both letters capitalized in state abbreviations? Also, if "region" is the first word in a sentence, it is capitalized. Thank you for subscribing to our newsletter! Hi, Kelly. Is Grandma a well-behaved woman? Before capitalizing words like east, west, north, and south, check whether you are using them as part of a proper noun or merely to refer to direction or location.Don't capitalize directions (we sailed due east) and locations (western India), but do capitalize compass points when they occur in proper nouns (North Korea, South Sudan, East Dunbartonshire, the Great Western Plains). Here are some rules to follow. Does the word federal need to be capitalized? Capitalizing southern and capitalizing south have the same rules. When referring to Greek, Roman, and other groups of gods and goddesses, only the name is capitalized. Why are trials on "Law & Order" in the New York Supreme Court? Words such as one, it, its, its, him, and own should all be capitalized no matter where they appear in a title. Coordinate conjunctions: for, and, nor, but, or, yet & so (FANBOYS). (There is a lot of leniency on whether to capitalize "The." Few would argue that the region is called "The North" as . But, generally, you only need to capitalize a direction in a place name if the direction is a standard part of the places name. Less democratic. Consult your dictionary if your preferred style guide doesnt address this issue. However, it is accepted that these are capitalized when discussing the American Civil War, for example, and, as mentioned in this article in the final Summary section, some style guides prefer north and south to always be capitalized when referring generally to these areas of the United States. Other assets have a wide range of liquidity. Hi, Lynne. 8 What states in the US are consider southern states? What about capitalizing a Southerner or a Southerner? the Southern States the Eastern Seaboard Northern Ireland the Western Hemisphere The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. It might be amusing to look for instances of "southern Southern California" or "northern Southern California". Here are the types of words that should be capitalized: Proper nouns. It only takes a minute to sign up. The obvious examples of this are countries, states, cities, and other geographical areas: We study the history of Eastern Europe. For instance, the term "ecoregion" is used commonly in environmental geography, "bioregion" in biogeography, etc. Capitalize nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs (including phrasal verbs such as play with), adverbs, and subordinate conjunctions. As an aside, when we toured through the San Francisco Peninsula earlier this year, our guide told us that the natives generally didn't like the name 'Silicon Valley'. Capitalize such words as northern, southern, eastern, and western when they refer to the people in a region or to their political, social, or cultural activities. But when the term is used in a formal name, it's capitalized, as in "the Hudson River". When to capitalize North East south west? AP Style says it should be capitalized while the Chicago Style Manual says it should be lowercased. Popular usage sets the rules for standard practice especially in the case of region names. Theoretically Correct vs Practical Notation. Automatically capitalize your email subjects, essay, headline, and article titles. Youd also capitalize the first word and (according to most guides) the last word of a title, regardless of what part of speech they are. If you are referring to a group of proper nouns such as " the Southern States ." However, if instead you reference a general location, such as "the southern winds," then the word southern should be lowercase. 2022 - 2023 Times Mojo - All Rights Reserved You capitalize state only when it follows the name of the state, as in New York State is also called the Empire State, or when its part of a traditional name for a state, like Empire State or Lone Star State. When it precedes the name of the state, dont capitalize the word unless its part of a title of . So you would only capitalize federal when you use it in the name of a federal agency, an act, or some other proper noun. For example: When words such as "northern", "southern", "western", and "eastern" precede a region or place's name, do not capitalize them as they are only indicating a general location in a region. However, it is only compulsory to do so when "North" is part of a proper noun. Do not capitalize them when they follow possessive pronouns such as her, his, my, our, your. Generally, you do not need to capitalize the names of the seasons. Here is part of that discussion: 8.46 Regions of the world and national regions. The Chicago Manual of Style, sixteenth edition (2010) has a useful and detailed discussion of this issue. Do you capitalize state when referring to a state? To summarize the advice above, we suggest: However, capitalization may depend on the style guide youre using. These should not be capitalized unless they are the first or last word of the title. when they indicate compass direction, but capitalize when they indicate a region: the West Coast. Direction-denoting terms such as north, south, east, west, etc. The Starved Rock Lodge offers world-famous midwestern hospitality in a scenic environment. After all, it was named after its inventor, Edwin Southern, and therefore the use of the capital is justified. Posted by The Department decided on the current two-letter abbreviations in October 1963. Likewise, capitalize terms such as "Native American," "Hispanic," and so on. Otherwise, not. "I" is always capitalized, along with all its . Whether it's an "official" name or not and how well the thing is defined have no bearing whatsoever. How do I connect these two faces together? Related, but not duplicates (in my opinion): As definitive as it gets. In this particular sentence, I is capitalized because it is placed at the beginning of the sentence. However, when these words are actually part of the place name, they must be capitalized. A region can be a city, town, village, country, continent, or any area that comes under the jurisdiction or administration of a state. in the southwestern part an eastward direction These words usually do get capitalized when they describe a region of the world or of a country, but there are some exceptions. Words Which Should Not Be Capitalized in a Title. 5 Should states and territories be Capitalised? For up-to-date guidance, see the ninth edition of the MLA Handbook. When youre talking about Americas West Coast or the Middle East, the directional word is also part of a proper name, and it gets a capital letter. In general, Midwesterners are friendly and down to earth. Is South capitalized when talking about the Civil War? Shawn Manaher is the founder and CEO of The Content Authority. In contrast, The Chicago Manual of Style (Chicago style) recommends lowercasing specific U.S. geographic regions used as adjectives:3. You would capitalize "Southern" when referring to the people, or their culture, politics, or social activities, e.g., Southern hospitality, Southern cuisine, Southern accents. For example, the "river" is a general noun and not capitalized. What does it mean that the Bible was divinely inspired? I assume CMOS have done reasonable research before arguing against a rigid insistence on 'the principles sketched in [an earlier section of CMOS]' and have thought carefully before arguing against ignoring authors' strong preferences. Southern United States, for example, is appropriate because it is located in a specific region. Note: This post relates to content in the eighth edition of the MLA Handbook. On a cloudless night, I studied Pisces, a constellation in the North sky. But you capitalize them when theyre specific regions or an integral part of a proper name. Use a hyphen to show a range of dates and do not repeat 20 (2012-13, not 2012-2013). The first letter of someone's first, middle, and last name is always capitalized, as in John William Smith . hbspt.cta._relativeUrls=true;hbspt.cta.load(42679, '499cbd76-cfa5-4fea-836f-ead06058d874', {"useNewLoader":"true","region":"na1"}); North, East, South or West - Capitalize or Not? Using Kolmogorov complexity to measure difficulty of problems? So: North Carolina is north of South Carolina and east of West Virginia. However, I was recently advised by someone who I consider to be educated to capitalize "southern" in this context. "southern California" is not the same as "Southern California". When dealing with geographic terms, capitalize nouns such as "river", "lake", etc. 10 Do I capitalize southern as in the US region? Just make sure you are consistent with the letter case. When the word "state" comes after a state's name, it should be capitalized. The correct answer is option C. In option A, the word Chemistry is only capitalized leaving the other proper noun in lower case. Duck Vs. Loon: How Are These Words Connected? Some could argue the word "Southerner" in the sentence denotes someone who belongs to a specific region, and the letter "S" should therefore be capitalized. Proper nouns are names of particular individuals, places, or things, such as Josephina, Michigan, Oreo, and United Auto Workers. If you have a question about whether a specific word should be capitalized that doesn't fit under one of these rules, try checking a dictionary to see if the word is capitalized there. Copyright 2022 - TheContentAuthority.com, Reindeer Vs. Moose: Main Differences, How To Tell Them Apart. Another example, "Eastern" in the phrase "Eastern bankers" is capitalized since the word denotes a certain group of people. Chicago style is best for writers who want to adhere to traditional publishing standards and academic writers in non-scientific fields. North Dakota; West Virginia; Also capitalize compass points when used in denoting widely known sections. The AP Stylebook, which is the guiding stylebook for a number of news organizations, including The Daily Tar Heel, advises against using the Oxford comma in most basic series. Did I miss the memo on this issue? This seems a difficult case; as this discussion at. O needs to be capitalized since it is at the beginning of the sentence, I needs to be capital, Pisces is a specific constellation so it is a proper noun, and likewise North is proper noun. My friend is a southerner. MLA style follows The Chicago Manual of Style (8.47) for geographic terms. When using a U.S. geographic region as an adjective, the decision to capitalize or lowercase will depend on your style guide. Capitalize words that are part of the formal name, but lowercase in less formal uses: he crossed the Hudson River; but: he fell into the river. However, I was recently advised by someone who I consider to be educated to capitalize "southern" in this context. However, when these words are actually part of the place name, they must be capitalized. Not capitalizing when referring to a general direction. When words like northern, southern, eastern, or western precede a place name, they aren't usually capitalized because they only indicate a general location within a region. When And When Not To. To capitalize or not quoted text after be form, How to handle a hobby that makes income in US. Here Chemistry and Spanish are the proper nouns. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. 4 Is Southern California capitalized AP style? By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. When used as part of a short-form political affiliation, states should also be abbreviated. Proper nouns include the specific names of people, places, and things. Some common examples of when you should capitalize north include: down North. 2 Do you capitalize state when referring to a state? She moved from the East Coast to the West Coast. Should Southern colonies be capitalized? Dont capitalize names of directions like north, south, east, and west when used to refer to direction and location, but do capitalize these words when they appear in the names of places and regions. In general, you should capitalize the names of countries and languages. When the name of a city and state are used together, the name of the state should be abbreviated (except for Alaska, Hawaii, Idaho, Iowa, Maine, Ohio, Texas and Utah). For example, capitalizing "Southerner" in the sentence "As a Southerner, she had a distinct drawl" can be up for debate. (I have no authority for this opinion, other than my intuition as an English speaker. The concept of a "region" is significant and used widely among the several geography branches, each of which could describe the areas or zones in region-based terms. Do not capitalize these words when they merely indicate direction or general location. To know what other words you should capitalize, try our free title capitalization tool. Capitalize names of organizations, institutions, stores, businesses, teams, political parties, and government bodies. Some could argue the word "Southerner" in the sentence denotes someone who belongs to a specific region, and the letter "S" should therefore be capitalized. 1 Is south capitalized when referring to Southern states? As a general thumb rule, if a particular direction (north, south, etc.) He's one part content manager, one part writing ninja organizer, and two parts leader of top content creators. For example, "Global is a proper noun." . (Most uses will be uppercase.) Browse other questions tagged, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. Why Do Cross Country Runners Have Skinny Legs? This suffix makes the direction an adjective, and when it describes a specific region, it should be capitalized. The argument I hear is this is a region of the building not a direction, so it should be capitalized. South-East Albania? Once again, refer to your dictionary if your preferred style guide doesnt address this issue. I still don't see any "descriptivist argument", much less a strong one. Lowercase north, south, northeast, etc. The word "southern" is not part of the official name of California or any city or county, so I never capitalize it. Others may argue that the word simply denotes the direction of the region the individual lives and must not have the capital letter. Use the US Postal Services symbol system, which is a two-letter abbreviation that consists of a two-letter abbreviation in which both letters are capitalized and no periods are used when giving an address or in tables or other uses where space is limited. AP Style holds to the general rule of lowercasing compass directions and capitalizing regions. Why are non-Western countries siding with China in the UN. Why distinguishes money from other assets in the economy. We also lowercase the terms when they refer to people: My friend is a southerner. Capitalize the first word of every sentence. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. When words like northern, southern, eastern, and western precede a place name, they are not ordinarily capitalized, because they merely indicate general location within a region. Western (and Northern) blots however, were not named after inventors but were given these names in honor of . So, option 2 is correct. However, to, not a dash, should be used when from introduces a range of dates (from 2012 to 2013, not from 2012-13). If it's a general noun such as a river, lake, ocean, etc., the region need not be capitalized. Likewise, the rules for sentences apply: capitalize the common name at the . Capitalize proper nouns in APA Style. What is thought to influence the overproduction and pruning of synapses in the brain quizlet? The official USPS postal abbreviation is this format. This confusion can also be attributed to the fact that certain region names have direction names in their official names, such as "the Middle East". Did any DOS compatibility layers exist for any UNIX-like systems before DOS started to become outmoded? You should only capitalize directions, such as south, when you are referring to it as the proper noun, such as in the South. If you are merely referring to a direction, such as go south on I-90, then you should keep south lowercase. Similar is the case with the following set of words: Here are a couple of sentences for further clarity on the matter: When terms such as "southern district" and "western region" are used as names for specific units within an organization, capitalize them.